Wood is a natural material that adds warmth and character to kitchens, dining tables, cutting boards, and serving platters. However, if you’re using wood in spaces where food preparation happens, ensuring that it’s food-safe is essential. Without the proper treatment, wood surfaces can harbor bacteria, absorb liquids, and degrade over time. But with the right finish and care, wood can be both durable and food-safe.
As the owner of Masters Wood Finishing in Toronto, I’ve spent over 25 years working with wood in various capacities. From custom furniture to high-end kitchens, I know the importance of not only creating beautiful pieces but also making them safe for everyday use.
Which woods are not food safe?
When selecting wood for food preparation surfaces like cutting boards or solid wood countertops, it’s essential to avoid species that are not food-safe. Some woods can be toxic, too soft, or prone to bacterial growth, making them unsuitable for culinary use. For instance, woods such as Yew, Cherry, and Oak are not recommended due to their potential toxicity or high susceptibility to bacteria. In contrast, safe choices include Sugar Maple, Beech, Walnut, and Cherry, which are both durable and non-toxic. These woods are less likely to harbor bacteria and are resilient enough for regular use. Additionally, it’s important to finish these surfaces with natural oils specifically designed for food contact, such as mineral oil or beeswax. These oils help protect the wood from moisture and bacteria while ensuring it remains safe and hygienic for food preparation.
Why is Food-Safe Wood Important?
Wood naturally contains pores that can trap bacteria, moisture, and food particles. Over time, these trapped particles can lead to unsanitary conditions and potential health risks. When wood surfaces come into contact with food—especially cutting boards, butcher blocks, or serving trays—it’s crucial to treat and seal the wood properly. Food-safe wood not only protects your family’s health but also extends the life of your wooden kitchen items.
Step 1: Selecting the Right Type of Wood
Not all wood species are suitable for food contact. Some types of wood are too soft and prone to scratches, which can harbor bacteria. Woods like maple, walnut, beech, and cherry are ideal for cutting boards and kitchen surfaces. These hardwoods are durable and have tight grains, making them less likely to absorb moisture and food particles.
Step 2: Sanding the Surface
Before applying any finish, it’s important to sand the wood to a smooth, even surface. This step removes rough patches, splinters, and imperfections, creating a safe, clean base. Start with a coarse grit sandpaper and gradually move to a finer grit. Once the surface is smooth to the touch, wipe it down to remove any dust or debris. A smooth surface is easier to clean and less likely to trap bacteria.
Step 3: Applying a Food-Safe Finish
When making wood food-safe, the finish you choose is crucial. Some finishes are toxic and not suitable for surfaces that come into contact with food. At Masters Wood Finishing, we recommend using natural oils and waxes, as they are safe, effective, and enhance the beauty of the wood.
- Mineral Oil: This is one of the most popular choices for food-safe finishes. Mineral oil is non-toxic, odorless, and colorless. It penetrates deep into the wood, providing a protective barrier without leaving a sticky residue. It’s ideal for cutting boards, butcher blocks, and serving utensils. However, mineral oil needs to be reapplied regularly to maintain its protective qualities.
- Beeswax: For an extra layer of protection, beeswax can be mixed with mineral oil to create a more durable finish. Beeswax seals the surface of the wood, preventing moisture from penetrating. It also adds a subtle shine, giving wood a polished, finished look.
- Walnut Oil: Another natural option is walnut oil, which penetrates deeply into the wood and hardens over time. It’s completely safe for food contact but may cause allergic reactions in people with nut allergies, so it’s important to keep that in mind.
- Tung Oil: Derived from the nuts of the tung tree, this oil is another excellent choice for food-safe wood finishes. Tung oil dries to a hard, protective finish, making it durable enough for daily use. It’s water-resistant and adds a beautiful, natural sheen to the wood.
Step 4: Letting the Finish Cure
After applying a food-safe finish, it’s important to let it cure properly. Some oils, like mineral oil, don’t require curing and can be used immediately after application. Others, like tung oil, need time to dry and harden. Typically, tung oil should cure for at least 24 to 48 hours before the wood can safely come into contact with food. Always check the manufacturer’s instructions for specific curing times.
Step 5: Regular Maintenance
Once your wood has been treated with a food-safe finish, regular maintenance is key to keeping it in good condition. For cutting boards and butcher blocks, reapply mineral oil every few weeks to maintain their protective barrier. Clean wood surfaces with warm water and mild soap, but never soak them. Prolonged exposure to water can cause wood to warp, crack, or deteriorate.
Occasionally, sanding the surface lightly and reapplying the finish will restore its luster and extend the lifespan of the wood. With the right care, your wood kitchen items can last for many years.
Avoiding Harmful Finishes
Not all finishes are food-safe. It’s important to avoid finishes that contain harmful chemicals, especially if the wood will come into contact with food. Varnishes, lacquers, and polyurethane finishes are not safe for food surfaces. While they provide a hard, durable coating, they contain toxic chemicals that can leach into food, making them unsafe for kitchen use.
If you’re unsure about which finishes are safe, always opt for those labeled as “food-safe” or consult with a wood finishing professional. At Masters Wood Finishing, we can guide you through the best options to ensure your wood surfaces are safe and long-lasting.
Trust Masters Wood Finishing for Expert Care
When it comes to ensuring that your wood surfaces are both beautiful and food-safe, it pays to work with professionals who understand the craft. At Masters Wood Finishing, we bring decades of experience to every project, ensuring that your wood receives the best possible treatment. Whether you’re restoring a family heirloom or creating a custom kitchen piece, we’re here to help.
To learn more or to get a free quote, call 416-223-9292 or email us here https://masterswoodfinishing.com/contact-us/. Let us help you make your wood surfaces food-safe, beautiful, and ready for everyday use!